Mismanagement of water:
Inefficient agriculture that uses up to 80% of all water resources in India is one of the primary reasons for its water stress. And groundwater extraction, which provides for 40% of the country’s water needs, is significantly more than recharge.
Overpopulation:
The 17 countries dealing with acute water stress are home to nearly a quarter of the world’s population (1.75 billion). India ranks 13th on the list but at 1.36 billion, its population is more than triple of the total of the other 16 countries facing water crisis. About 600 million Indians are dealing with high-to-extreme water stress, and about 200,000 people die every year due to inadequate access to safe water.
Climate change, which leads to erratic rainfalls, is also exacerbating this crisis.